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RETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS A financially secure retirement is a goal of all Americans. Since many of us will spend one-fourth to one-fifth of our lives in retirement, it is more essential than ever to begin preparations at an early age. Most financial planners report that an individual requires about 75 percent of his or her pre-retirement income to maintain the same standard of living enjoyed during one's working years. Social Security, employer-sponsored retirement programs and personal savings are the three sources of postretirement income. Social Security Benefits Social Security provides retirement benefits for most persons employed or self-employed for a set period of time (currently 40 quarters; about 10 years). Benefits paid at retirement, traditionally age 65, are based on a person's earnings history. Payments may begin at age 62 at a reduced rate or, if delayed until age 70, at an increased rate. For a person with earnings equal to the U.S. average, the benefit will be about 40 percent of pay. For someone with maximumearnings, the benefit would be about 25 percent of the portion ofpay subject to Social Security tax. Every worker should understand Social Security retirement benefits. By completing Form SSA-7004, "Request for Social Security Earnings and Benefit Estimate Statement," you can receivea projection of benefits. Forms can be obtained through local Social Security offices or by calling 1-800-772-1213. Employer-Sponsored Retirement Plans A retirement plan makes good sense and can attract and reward key employees. The benefits and tax advantages of supplementing Social Security with a qualified retirement plan are significant. A qualified plan is one meeting Internal Revenue Service (IRS) specifications. Currently, such contributions are tax deductible and earnings accumulate on a tax-deferred basis. In addition, benefits earned are not part of the participant's taxable income until received, and certain distributions are eligible for special tax treatment. Whether you are a sole proprietorship, a partnership or a corporation (employing many people or only yourself as the owner/employee), there are a wide range of options available. These can range from simple plans, which you establish and maintain, to complex versions, which require an actuary, attorney or employee benefits consultant. Accountants, banks, insurance and investment professionals, as well as other financial institutions, can provide information on pension plan products. A plan need not be complex or costly to establish. In fact, there are several versions that you can establish without any outside consultants. Depending on whether you are self-employed, a partnership or a small corporation, the following plans are available: * Individual retirement accounts (IRAs) --
The simplest plan; for the self-employed or for select employees.
* Keogh -- A plan for partnerships or sole proprietors,
offering greater contribution limits than other types of plans.
* Simplified employee pension (SEP) --
A plan for sole proprietors and small businesses,
offering flexibility and easy self-administration.
* Defined benefit -- A retirement plan for businesses with
older, more highly paid employees.
* Profit sharing -- A flexible plan based on profits and
contributions that can be discretionary from year to year.
* Money purchase -- A method for companies employing a
high percentage of younger workers and desiring to make
steady plan contributions.
* 401(k) -- The most popular plan today, providing employees
with the ability to save for their retirement with pre-tax dollars.
Offers maximum flexibility for employers at minimal cost.
Individual Retirement Accounts The simplest of all retirement plans is the individual retirement account (IRA), authorized by Congress in 1974. An IRA is a tax-favored savings plan that allows eligible participants to make contributions with pre-tax dollars and defer taxation on earnings until retirement. There are several limitations to IRAs: * Contributions cannot exceed the lesser of $2,000 per year or
100 percent of compensation ($2,250 for a spousal IRA).
* Contributions may be made only up to age 70 and deposits must be
made before filing individual taxes (April 15).
* The account holder may not use funds to purchase life insurance or collectibles (except gold or silver coins issued by the U.S. Government). * If a person (or his or her spouse) is an active participant in an employer-maintained retirement plan with income exceeding certain levels ($25,000 for single persons or $40,000 for married couples), the IRA contribution may be partially or totally nondeductible. Businesses may sponsor IRA savings programs for employees. Through payroll deduction, employees set aside small amounts for deposit into an IRA contract. An employer can make IRA contributions for all or select employees. In such instances, the recipient's reported annual taxable salary will include the IRA contribution, although this amount would then be deducted (conditions permitting) by the employee on his or her year-end tax filing. Keogh Plans A Keogh (occasionally called "H.R. 10") plan affords a self-employed person -- either a sole proprietor or a partner -- most of the retirement funding benefits available to the working owners of a corporation. A self-employed person may take a tax deduction for annual contributions to the plan on his or her behalf and on behalf of any eligible employees. Although the laws governing Keoghs once varied widely from the retirement plan options for corporations, recent changes have left only minor distinctions. Keogh plans follow rules basic to either defined benefit or defined contribution corporate plans. There are limits, but generous ones. For example, you cannot fund a retirement payout that is greater than your self-employment income or that tops a $112,221 annual cap (a figure adjusted yearly for inflation). You must establish plans by the end of the year (December 31) for which you are making the contribution. Once established, you have until the tax return filing date -- including extensions -- to make the contribution. Dear Internet visitors, There are other areas of Retirement Benefits that can be explored. I have recently heard of Kelly Reese's Retire Quickly Corporation which propose the Financial Freedom Society from his corporation may be a solution to planning for quick retirement.
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